Mikhail Gorbachev
Gorbachev: On My Country and the World
Perestroika: New Thinking for Our Country and the World
Manifesto for the Earth: Action Now for Peace, Global Justice and a Sustainable Future
Conversations with Gorbachev
The Search for a New Beginning: Developing a New Civilization
Mikhail Gorbachev: Prophet of Change : from the Cold War to a Sustainable World
Perestroika and Soviet-American Relations
Reykjavik, Results & Lessons
Über mein Land. Rußlands Weg ins 21. Jahrhundert
Mikhail Gorbachev: Selected Speeches and Articles
The Road We Traveled, the Challenges We Face: Speeches, Articles, Interviews
Speeches and Writings
At the Summit: Speeches and Interviews, February 1987-July 1988
For a Nuclear- free World: Speeches and Statements by the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee on Nuclear Disarmament Problems, January 1986-January 1987
Working Together: Diversity as Opportunity
U. S. S. R. - U. S. A. Summit, Moscow, May 29-June 2, 1988
Man Who Changed the World: The Lives of Mikhail Gorbachev
Peace Has No Alternative
Perestroika
My Russia
A Call to Divine Unity: Letter of Imam Khomeini, the Great Leader of the Islamic Revolution and Founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran, to Mikhail Gorbachev, Leader of the Soviet Union
Perestroika: How New is Gorbachev's New Thinking?
Mikhail Gorbachev: Memoirs
The New Russia
Mikhail Gorbachev Life story
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was a Soviet and Russian politician who served as the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to the country's dissolution in 1991.
Physical Characteristics
Mikhail gorbachev was born on march 2.1931 in privolnoye.Russia.He was 5 feet 8 inches tall and weighed around 160 pounds.He had bleu eyes and a slender body type.Family
Mikhail gorbachev was the son of maria panteleyevna and vasily gorbachev.He had two siblings.A brother naemd ivktor and a sister named mariah.E was married to raisa gorbacheva and had two children.A daughter named irina and a son named anatoly.Life Story
Mikhail gorbachev was born in a peasant family in the village of privolnoye in stavropol krai.Russia.He studied law at moscow state university and graduated in 1955.After graduation.He worked as a lawyer in stavropol and then in msocow.In 1970.He was appointed to the centrla committee of the commuinst party of the soviet union and in 1979 he became the general secretary of the communist party.In 1985.He was elected as the president of the soviet union.Success
Mikhail gorbachev is best known for his role in ending the cold war and introducing the policies of glasnost and perestiroka.He was awarded the nobel peace prize in 1990 for his efforts to reduce cold war tensions and for his commitment to democracy and uhman rights.He also receievd numerous other awards and honors.Including the order of lenin.The order of the october revolution.And the order of the red banner of labor.Zodiac Sign.Nationality
Mikhail gorbcahev was a pisces and a russian citizen.Education.Actual Occupation.Relationships.Career
Mikhail gorbachev studied law at moscow state university and graduated in 1955.After graduation.He worked as a lawyer in stavropol and then in mosocw.In 1970.He was appointed to the centrla committee of the communist party of the soviet union and in 1979 he became the general secretary of the communist party.In 1985.He was elected as the president of the soviet union.After leaving office in 1991.He founded the gorbachev foundation and the social democratic party of russia.He is currently a mmeber of the international advisory board of the council on foreign relations.Putin and Wagner boss Prigozhin: How a long friendship turned ugly
... Instead of the old Soviet chief, Leonid Brezhnev, reformist leader Mikhail Gorbachev was in power, the Berlin Wall had fallen and perestroika (restructuring) was well under way...
Ukraine war: Russian artists back Putin or face censorship
... State TV once called him " a Beatle of Perestroika" referring to Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev s wide-ranging programme of reforms...
Vladimir Kara-Murza: Family's heartbreak at Putin critic's jail term
... His first significant political memory is of the failed coup in 1991, when hardliners tried to topple Mikhail Gorbachev and reverse his liberalising reforms...
Ukraine war: Ballerinas fight culture war against Russia
... The broadcast of Swan Lake in the former Soviet Union was often a sign of political upheaval - state TV interrupted programming by airing the ballet on a loop after the deaths of multiple leaders as well as during a failed coup against Mikhail Gorbachev in 1991...
Ukraine war: Russia's uncertain future a product of its past
... Some of his successors, like Nikita Khrushchev and Mikhail Gorbachev, did denounce Stalin s crimes...
Vladimir Putin at 70: Seven pivotal moments that made him
... " Putin learned to fear the sudden collapse of central power - and determined never to repeat what he felt was Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev s mistake, not to respond with speed and determination when faced by opposition...
Roman Abramovich: From orphan to sanctioned billionaire oligarch
... He moved on to perfumes and deodorants, building up his wealth as greater openness under Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev allowed more scope for entrepreneurs...
Ukraine crisis: The free world fights back against Putin
... After the fall of the Berlin Wall, George Herbert Walker Bush resisted the temptation to rejoice in America s Cold War victory - much to the astonishment of the White House press pack, he refused to travel to Berlin for a victory lap - knowing that it would bolster hardliners in the Politburo and military seeking to oust Mikhail Gorbachev...
Ukraine war: Russian artists back Putin or face censorship
By Vitaly ShevchenkoBBC Monitoring
The war with Ukraine has split Russia's artistic community.
Those who support it have enjoyed government backing, but those who oppose it have come under huge pressure to toe The Line .
Speaking out comes at a price in Russia. and if you are a person of Culture , you can also be frozen out of key platforms and venues.
Andrei Makarevich is one of The best-known performers to fall from favour after criticising government policies in Vladimir Putin 's Russia.
He rose to prominence during The Soviet era as The frontman of a rock group called Mashina Vremeni (Time Machine ). State TV once called him " a Beatle of Perestroika" referring to Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev 's wide-ranging programme of reforms.
But over time Makarevich grew increasingly critical of President Putin. After Russia's initial invasion of Ukraine in 2014, Makarevich wrote a song titled My Country Has Gone Mad and attended anti-war rallies. After This , a string of his concerts across Russia were cancelled, and Makarevich accused The Kremlin of orchestrating a campaign of persecution.
After The start of The full-scale war in February 2022, Makarevich left Russia a deeply disillusioned man. " People have turned out to be much easier to manipulate. More ignorant and aggressive, " He Said in an interview.
Nikolai Rastorguyev, on The Other hand, is an example of a performer favoured by The State . He is The Lead singer of Lyube, which is often described as " Putin's favourite band". He is a vocal supporter of The Kremlin's policies including The " special military operation" in Ukraine.
Unlike Makarevich, Rastorguyev appears to have enjoyed easy access to Russia's best venues for years.
On 15 March 2014, The Day Makarevich was nearly assaulted by anti-Ukraine activists following a peace march in Moscow, Lyube celebrated its 25th anniversary at The capital's Olympic Stadium .
The Following day, his band performed in Crimea in support of a vote that had no international recognition but was used by The Kremlin to justify its annexation of The Ukrainian region.
Rastorguyev and his band have played at Kremlin-organised mass rallies held at Russia's largest stadium, Luzhniki, and attended by President Putin. It has also authored a song celebrating a bridge linking annexed Crimea to Russia.
In A Sign of The Band 's influence, police searching for political subversives have even forced patrons at a bar in Moscow to sing a Lyube song, as proof that they support The government.
Nikolai Rastorguyev is subject to EU sanctions imposed for their role in " The Kremlin's disinformation and information manipulation ecosystem".
In Russia, numerous performers critical of The Kremlin, such as Makarevich, have been officially designated as " foreign agents".
Film and theatreDivisions run deep among stars of film and theatre, too.
Nikita Mikhalkov is one of Russia's most celebrated actors and Film Directors . One of The Pinnacles of his career is Oscar-winning drama Burnt By The Sun (1994), which he both directed and starred in. The Film is about lives wrecked by terror in The USSR under Soviet leader Stalin.
Mikhalkov's views are also very close to The Kremlin's official ideology: he is a religious conservative, and he espouses extreme anti-Western views.
He shares these Conspiracy Theories in his TV show (Exorcist), which is aired on state television and is said to number President Putin among its viewers.
Mikhalkov is an ardent supporter of Vladimir Putin .
In 2007, he co-authored an open letter calling on The Russian president to seek a third presidential term in violation of The Constitution . The same year, Mikhalkov made a film celebrating Putin's 55th birthday, which was shown on The Day by state TV.
The Film Director has headed Russia's Union of Film-Makers since 1997, and he has received numerous awards and funding from The State , including The Defence Ministry's award for " developing The Fatherland's Culture and art" and $2m in state funding for a sequel to Burnt By The Sun .
He has supported Russia's war on Ukraine in 2022, parroting The President 's rhetoric that Ukraine is ruled by a " Nazi regime" and that The very Ukrainian language is a manifestation of hatred towards Russia.
Months after The Invasion started, Vladimir Putin awarded Mikhalkov The title of a " Hero of Labour" at a ceremony in The Kremlin. Thanking The President , The Film -maker referred to The fighting in Ukraine and said that " a new Russia" was being forged there.
For his role in spreading " Kremlin propaganda narratives" Mikhalkov has been sanctioned by The EU.
Actress Liya Akhedzhakova holds very different political views, and Her career has followed a different trajectory. She rose to fame in The 1970s thanks to roles in hugely popular Soviet films such as The Irony of Fate and Office Romance , as well as numerous performances at Sovremennik, one of Moscow's best theatres.
Since The break-up of The USSR, The diminutive actress has never shied away from making Her political views public, and has often been harshly critical of government policies.
At a rally in Moscow in 2014, she praised The so-called Euromaidan - protests in Kyiv that led to The toppling of pro-Russian President Viktor Yanukovych and Russia's initial invasion of Ukraine.
There was applause and chants of support as Akhedzhakova urged The Crowd to honour The pro-democracy demonstrators killed in The Ukrainian capital.
By The Time President Putin had launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine eight years later, rallies like this were unimaginable in Russia. Speaking on The Day of The Invasion to independent Dozhd TV, Akhedzhakova urged fellow performers and celebrities to oppose it.
" I'm calling on all people of Culture - The Time has come to speak out. We have to speak out. We won't get Another Chance . A War is going on, and there are so many lies, a whole sea of lies, " She Said .
Less than a week later, Dozhd was forced to relocate abroad due to tightening censorship and concerns for The welfare of its staff.
A year later, Akhedzhakova lost Her last role at Sovremennik after 45 Years of working at The Theatre . According to The Actress , The Theatre 's newly appointed director told Her it had been " inundated" with letters criticising Her - a practice reminiscent of state-orchestrated persecution campaigns in The Soviet Union .
In another echo of Stalinism, a pro-government activist recently asked prosecutors to check if The Actress was guilty of treason.
Related TopicsSource of news: bbc.com