Disinformation
Use attributes for filter ! | |
Originally published | 2013 |
---|---|
Authors | Ion Mihai Pacepa |
Ronald J. Rychlak | |
Genres | Information Warfare |
Page count | 429 |
Subject | Disinformation |
Country | United States |
Date of Reg. | |
Date of Upd. | |
ID | 2066638 |
About Disinformation
Disinformation: Former Spy Chief Reveals Secret Strategies for Undermining Freedom, Attacking Religion, and Promoting Terrorism is a non-fiction book about disinformation tactics and history rooted in information warfare.
TikTok latest firm after X and Meta to be warned by EU over Hamas videos
...By Tom GerkenTechnology reporterThe EU has warned TikTok about " Disinformation" spreading on the platform after Hamas attack on Israel...
Voice referendum: Lies fuel racism ahead of Australia's Indigenous vote
... Though some argue the shift reflects public sentiment, Yes campaigners blame it on an ecosystem of Disinformation - which they say is being led by figures in the No camp and " amplified" by suspicious accounts on social media...
Inside the centre dedicated to combating unseen war threats
... Another method is Disinformation - the deliberate propagating of an alternative, false narrative, often one that appeals to certain more receptive sections of a population...
US midterm elections: Does Finland have the answer to fake news?
... The Border Guard s and Yle s response highlights a crucial element of Finland s success against Disinformation - public trust in the authorities and the media...
Iran protests: Mahsa Amini's family receiving death threats, cousin says
... " The regime have been making up scenarios and Disinformation - saying that Zhina was in contact with me and I taught her and sent her back to Iran to do a certain activity, when in fact this is completely baseless...
What the Marcos' return to power means for the Philippines
... ph found that up to the end of April, 92% of online Disinformation about the Marcos campaign was in its favour, whereas 96% about his main rival, Vice President Leni Robredo, was negative - including some nasty slanders against her...
Philippines election: 'Politicians hire me to spread fake stories'
... According to election observers and Disinformation experts, the situation hasn t improved since - in fact, it may have even got worse...
Facebook drives sceptics towards climate denial
...Facebook pushes climate sceptics towards increasingly extreme Disinformation and conspiracy groups, a human-rights body s research suggests...
US midterm elections: Does Finland have the answer to fake news?
By Erika Benke and Marianna SpringBBC News, Finland & Disinfo correspondent, London
As the midterm elections approach in the US, The Wave<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of false claims surrounding the vote is a reminder of how hard it is to combat fake news. Does Finland have The Answer<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> ?
A few hours after Vladimir Putin<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> called up 300,000 military reservists in September, a video showing long queues of cars at the Finnish-Russian border started circulating on Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> .
The Finnish Border Guard<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> was quick to point out it was fake.
" Some<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of The Videos<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> were filmed earlier and now Taken Out<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of context, " it said on Twitter. The tweet promptly made it to The Top<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of the Ukraine live page on national broadcaster Yle's news website.
The Border Guard<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> 's and Yle's response highlights a crucial element of Finland's success against Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> - Public Trust<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> in The Authorities<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> and the media.
Finland is a high-trust society. According to an OECD report, 71% of the Finnish population trust the Government<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , compared to the OECD average of 41%.
And it's not just the Government<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> - Parliament<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , the Civil Service<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , The Police<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> and the media all enjoy high levels of trust.
In, the country tops a global chart measuring resilience to Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> .
That does not mean Finns believe everything they read in the papers and never look at Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> for information. But when they do, most have The Ability<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> to critically evaluate information.
That shield against Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> is being sorely tested in the US as the midterm elections approach.
More Than<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> ever, the spotlight is on the so-called fake news problem and the real-world consequences it can have.
Despite the increased Focus On<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> tackling false and misleading claims on Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , including from the tech giants themselves, Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> is still seeping through the cracks.
Misinformation and the midterm electionsFor The Bbc<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> 's Americast podcast, we created Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> accounts belonging to five fake characters, who reflect views from across the political spectrum in the US.
One character in particular - Populist Right Britney<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> - has been recommended pages on Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> that continue to promote Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> that Trump really won the 2020 election, as well as a range of conspiracies.
Progressive Left Emma, on The Other<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> hand, has been more likely to encounter more radical activism - Some<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> that includes violent rhetoric but that stops short of conspiracy.
What the US can learn from FinlandThe Finnish school system is the cornerstone of The Fight<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> against fake news. Critical Thinking<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> and Media Literacy<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> have been part of the curriculum for a very long time. The curriculum was revised in 2016 to teach children the skills they needed to spot the kind of fabricated information that spread on Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> during the US election campaign.
" We teach Critical Thinking<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> across several subjects. For Example<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> in maths classes we look at how statistics can be manipulated, " explains Marika Kerola, A Teacher<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> in the northern city of Oulu.
" In art, a typical project would be for children to create their own versions of a shampoo advertisement. It may be a picture showing that hair is not as shiny or radiant as it's been promised on The Bottle<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> . "
In language classes they will compare the same story written as fact-based text and as propaganda, she says. In history they will compare war-time posters in Nazi Germany<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> and the United States<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , for Example<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> .
Another core line of defence against fake news is the Government<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> 's National Emergency Supply Agency.
" To put it simply, Finland has a comprehensive publicly-funded security model, " says Markus Kokko, head of communications for the European Centre of Excellence for Countering Hybrid Threats.
" The Government<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> works with private businesses and the media to build society's resilience to threats and prepare people for all kinds of disruptions. "
In addition to a central Government Agency<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , Finland has A Number<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of NGOs and voluntary organisations combating fake news. Fact-checking service Faktabaari is probably the best-known of them.
Finland's approach is all about getting ahead of the Tidal Wave<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> - a wave that has already crashed down on US shores.
The Experience<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> in Finland suggests proactive moderation in real-time can make a difference.
What can Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> platforms do?Since the pandemic, where online Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> surged online about Covid-19, the Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> sites have all committed to doing more to battle falsehoods. On the whole, they have seen Some<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> success in removing harmful mistruths and labelling conspiracies with accurate information from third-party fact-checkers.
More on this series, Seeking A Solution
And around the midterms, they've variously announced specific initiatives in place to deal with this issue. For Example<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> - Meta , which owns Facebook and Instagram, says it has More Than<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> 40 teams working on the election, as well as partnerships with 10 fact-checking organisations in the US.
But, across the Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> platforms, there are still posts that rack up likes and views before they're removed - and many that get through the gaps in the First Place<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , as the Undercover Voter Britney<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> 's Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> feeds reveals. A proactive moderation approach that tackles these posts before they have the chance to spread like wildfire is one favoured by Some<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> experts.
Social Media Literacy<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> lies at The Heart<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of Finland's long-term plan. Charities and projects in the US have been pushing for more permanent legislation across the country to ensure children are taught this topic in schools.
There was a bill passed in Illinois Last Year<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , for Example<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , which mandates every public High School<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> to include Media Literacy<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> somewhere in its curriculum. They'll be taught How To<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> analyse everything they see online - and off.
Ultimately though, these measures are all just plasters on a wound that's much harder to heal. There's no quick fix for restoring and repairing faith in institutions - Some<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of which has been eroded by Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> campaigns looking to undermine the election result.
When Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> feeds like those of my Undercover Voter Britney<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> are still being punctuated by posts about how the election two years ago was fraudulent, there's still a problem.
And with a majority of Republican candidates running next month having questioned the 2020 election result, the prospect of progress can seem Remote<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> .
Source of news: bbc.com