Critical Thinking
| Use attributes for filter ! | |
| Google books | books.google.com |
|---|---|
| Originally published | 1986 |
| Authors | Brooke Noel Moore |
| Richard Parker | |
| Date of Reg. | |
| Date of Upd. | |
| ID | 2598666 |
About Critical Thinking
"Having arrived at an even dozen editions, we still have our original goal constantly in mind: helping teach students to think and reason critically and make better decisions and making life a bit easier for instructors of critical thinking courses. . . .
'Most of our friends use AI in schoolwork'
... " The risk, of course, is that we become lazy, and we drop back in terms of our creativity and our Critical Thinking...
RSC expands scheme to give children skills through Shakespeare
... " The RSC s aim is to accelerate language acquisition, raise aspiration and widen creativity and Critical Thinking...
Colston statue: 'We need better education and economic action'
... " Jen Reid, whose statue appeared on the plinth in the months after the toppling, said she now wants to visit schools to share stories of positive black role models and empower them with Critical Thinking skills...
The Satanic Temple: Think you know about Satanists? Maybe you don't
... So where local people have asked it to, it tries to launch an After School Satan Club, focused on community service, science, crafts and Critical Thinking...
ChatGPT: Can students pass using AI tools at university?
... " Critical Thinking Kim demonstrates by asking ChatGPT to produce its own marketing plan...
Martin McDonagh: Theatres have refused my plays over unpalatable language
... The free speech charity PEN International has launched a partnership with the production to support " many of the values we promote such as the need for tolerance, Critical Thinking and informed debate"...
US midterm elections: Does Finland have the answer to fake news?
... Critical Thinking and media literacy have been part of the curriculum for a very long time...
Hong Kong: New school books claim territory was not a British colony
... The subject replaces a liberal studies course that sought to teach students greater Critical Thinking skills and ideas on civic engagement...
US midterm elections: Does Finland have the answer to fake news?
By Erika Benke and Marianna SpringBBC News, Finland & Disinfo correspondent, London
As the midterm elections approach in the US, The Wave<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of false claims surrounding the vote is a reminder of how hard it is to combat fake news. Does Finland have The Answer<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> ?
A few hours after Vladimir Putin<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> called up 300,000 military reservists in September, a video showing long queues of cars at the Finnish-Russian border started circulating on Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> .
The Finnish Border Guard<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> was quick to point out it was fake.
" Some<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of The Videos<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> were filmed earlier and now Taken Out<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of context, " it said on Twitter. The tweet promptly made it to The Top<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of the Ukraine live page on national broadcaster Yle's news website.
The Border Guard<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> 's and Yle's response highlights a crucial element of Finland's success against Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> - Public Trust<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> in The Authorities<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> and the media.
Finland is a high-trust society. According to an OECD report, 71% of the Finnish population trust the Government<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , compared to the OECD average of 41%.
And it's not just the Government<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> - Parliament<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , the Civil Service<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , The Police<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> and the media all enjoy high levels of trust.
In, the country tops a global chart measuring resilience to Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> .
That does not mean Finns believe everything they read in the papers and never look at Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> for information. But when they do, most have The Ability<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> to critically evaluate information.
That shield against Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> is being sorely tested in the US as the midterm elections approach.
More Than<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> ever, the spotlight is on the so-called fake news problem and the real-world consequences it can have.
Despite the increased Focus On<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> tackling false and misleading claims on Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , including from the tech giants themselves, Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> is still seeping through the cracks.
Misinformation and the midterm electionsFor The Bbc<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> 's Americast podcast, we created Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> accounts belonging to five fake characters, who reflect views from across the political spectrum in the US.
One character in particular - Populist Right Britney<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> - has been recommended pages on Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> that continue to promote Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> that Trump really won the 2020 election, as well as a range of conspiracies.
Progressive Left Emma, on The Other<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> hand, has been more likely to encounter more radical activism - Some<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> that includes violent rhetoric but that stops short of conspiracy.
What the US can learn from FinlandThe Finnish school system is the cornerstone of The Fight<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> against fake news. Critical Thinking<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> and Media Literacy<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> have been part of the curriculum for a very long time. The curriculum was revised in 2016 to teach children the skills they needed to spot the kind of fabricated information that spread on Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> during the US election campaign.
" We teach Critical Thinking<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> across several subjects. For Example<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> in maths classes we look at how statistics can be manipulated, " explains Marika Kerola, A Teacher<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> in the northern city of Oulu.
" In art, a typical project would be for children to create their own versions of a shampoo advertisement. It may be a picture showing that hair is not as shiny or radiant as it's been promised on The Bottle<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> . "
In language classes they will compare the same story written as fact-based text and as propaganda, she says. In history they will compare war-time posters in Nazi Germany<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> and the United States<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , for Example<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> .
Another core line of defence against fake news is the Government<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> 's National Emergency Supply Agency.
" To put it simply, Finland has a comprehensive publicly-funded security model, " says Markus Kokko, head of communications for the European Centre of Excellence for Countering Hybrid Threats.
" The Government<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> works with private businesses and the media to build society's resilience to threats and prepare people for all kinds of disruptions. "
In addition to a central Government Agency<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , Finland has A Number<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of NGOs and voluntary organisations combating fake news. Fact-checking service Faktabaari is probably the best-known of them.
Finland's approach is all about getting ahead of the Tidal Wave<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> - a wave that has already crashed down on US shores.
The Experience<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> in Finland suggests proactive moderation in real-time can make a difference.
What can Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> platforms do?Since the pandemic, where online Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> surged online about Covid-19, the Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> sites have all committed to doing more to battle falsehoods. On the whole, they have seen Some<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> success in removing harmful mistruths and labelling conspiracies with accurate information from third-party fact-checkers.
More on this series, Seeking A Solution
And around the midterms, they've variously announced specific initiatives in place to deal with this issue. For Example<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> - Meta , which owns Facebook and Instagram, says it has More Than<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> 40 teams working on the election, as well as partnerships with 10 fact-checking organisations in the US.
But, across the Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> platforms, there are still posts that rack up likes and views before they're removed - and many that get through the gaps in the First Place<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , as the Undercover Voter Britney<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> 's Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> feeds reveals. A proactive moderation approach that tackles these posts before they have the chance to spread like wildfire is one favoured by Some<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> experts.
Social Media Literacy<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> lies at The Heart<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of Finland's long-term plan. Charities and projects in the US have been pushing for more permanent legislation across the country to ensure children are taught this topic in schools.
There was a bill passed in Illinois Last Year<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , for Example<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> , which mandates every public High School<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> to include Media Literacy<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> somewhere in its curriculum. They'll be taught How To<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> analyse everything they see online - and off.
Ultimately though, these measures are all just plasters on a wound that's much harder to heal. There's no quick fix for restoring and repairing faith in institutions - Some<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> of which has been eroded by Disinformation<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> campaigns looking to undermine the election result.
When Social Media<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> feeds like those of my Undercover Voter Britney<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> are still being punctuated by posts about how the election two years ago was fraudulent, there's still a problem.
And with a majority of Republican candidates running next month having questioned the 2020 election result, the prospect of progress can seem Remote<Meta itemprop='name' content='JJ Lin'> .
Source of news: bbc.com