Turkey

---

Syria 's Kurds have said they will defend their territory at any price.

A deal between Turkey and Russia has brought an end to the Turkish military operation in North-East Syria against Kurdish-led militia Alliance, previously the ally of the United States .

We have boiled down why it matters.

the Turkey is of the opinion, the biggest militia of the Kurdish-led Alliance to a terrorist organization. She says it is an extension of the Kurdish rebel fight in Turkey .

At 9. October, by Turkish troops and allied Syrian rebels have launched an offensive, create a 30km (20 mile) deep "secure zone" on the Syrian side of The Border .

the Turkish President says his goal is to "destroy the terrorist Gang formed, which on our southern Border "

It came after the withdrawal of U.S. troops, who have been relying on the Kurds to defeat the Islamic state group.

The Kurds are asked to help the Syrian government and its ally, Russia, to stop the attack.

Turkey and Russia subsequently agreed to joint control of The Border area.

Turkey wants to push back to The Border , the members of a Syrian Kurdish militia called the People's Protection Units (YPG).

Turkish politicians view, the YPG as a terrorist organization. They say it is an extension of the Kurdistan workers ' party (PKK), which has fought for Kurdish autonomy in Turkey for Decades .

The Syrian Democratic coalition of forces led The Fight against the Islamic state group In Syria

The office was dominated by an Alliance of Kurdish and Arab militias, called the Syrian democratic forces (SDF), which went from a quarter of Syria with The Help of a U.S.-led multinational coalition.

As the U.S. claimed that the defeat in March, the Turkish President, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, he insisted, to a "safe zone" free of YPG fighters in North-Eastern Syria , where the refugees are resettled.

The U.S. agreed to the establishment complies with of a together with Turkey in August and the YPG.

But two months later, the U.S. pulled troops back from The Border after Mr Erdogan decided to create an operation 440km-long "safe zone", unilaterally.

The SDF said it was "him in the back" by the United States and warned that the defeat might be reversed.

At 9. October, by Turkish troops and allies, the Syrian rebels attacked. Four days later, the SDF appealed to the Syrian government and its supporters, Russia, for help. They agreed to stop deployment of Syrian soldiers in the advance.

Turkey has agreed Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Russia's Vladimir Putin to make a deal to the end of the offensive

The United States , a 5-day ceasefire negotiated on 17. To allow October, YPG fighters to the resignation of a 120-km-long stretch of The Border from Ras al-Ain, Tal Abyad, where the fighting was concentrated.

shortly before the weapons expired a standstill, Mr Erdogan reached a deal with Russian President Vladimir Putin .

Turkey could have agreed to keep their forces in the area between Ras al-Ain and Tal Abyad, and that the Russian and Syrian troops would take control of the rest of The Border .

Why is Kurds, Turkey concerned over Syria ?

It feels threatened by the People's Protection Units (YPG), the military wing of the Kurdish Democratic unity party (PYD).

The Turkish government insists, the YPG is an extension of the Kurdistan workers ' party (PKK), which fought for Kurdish autonomy in Turkey since 1984 and is designated as a terrorist group by the US and the EU. The YPG and the PKK share a similar ideology, but to say that they are separate entities.

This Turkey is the third cross-Border military operation against the Syrian Kurdish troops

The YPG is the dominant force in a coalition of Kurdish and Arab militias, called the Syrian democratic forces (SDF). With The Help of air strikes by a U.S.-led multinational coalition against the jihadists group Islamic state (IS), SDF fighters captured tens of thousands of square kilometers of territory in North-Eastern Syria between 2015 and 2019.

The SDF, the establishment of an Autonomous administration for the region, which is home to three million people. You avoid the conflict with the Syrian government, but sought recognition for Kurdish autonomy.

this Was the Turkey 's first cross-Border operation?

Turkey is against the support the USA gave Although a member of Nato and the U.S.-led coalition against the SDF.

In 2016, supported by the Turkish military, an offensive by the allied Syrian rebel groups, the drove IS fighters from The Border area around Jarablus and stopped SDF fighters to the West, in the direction of the Kurdish enclave of Afrin.

In January 2018, according to U.S. officials said they were to help to prevent the SDF-construction of a new "Border security force", the infiltration of Turkish troops launched an operation for the expulsion of YPG fighters from Afrin.

What prompted The Talk of a 'safe zone'?

the Turkish President, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, has long sought what he called a "safe zone" free of YPG fighters in North-Eastern Syria . But the Problem came to the fore after the SDF collected The Last bag IS the territory In Syria in March 2019.

In August, the United States and Turkey agreed to a "safety mechanism" for a predominantly Arab Border area between Ras al-Ain and Tal Abyad.

Turkish and US troops took part in joint patrols in front of the offensive

U.S. and Turkish troops carried out joint patrols, and the YPG began the dismantling of the fortifications.

But in the 6. In October, Mr Erdogan said U.S. President Donald Trump that Turkey is soon to be a one-sided operation, the establishment of a "safe zone". Mr Trump ordered US to pull troops back from the area.

What was the target of the Turkish offensive?

At the beginning of "Operation peace spring" on 9. In October, Mr Erdogan said Turkish troops and allied Syrian rebels meets to "neutralize terrorist threats against Turkey and the establishment of a safe zone, to facilitate The Return of Syrian refugees to their homeland".

SDF commanders warned that a Turkish offensive would "spill The Blood of thousands of Innocent Civilians ," and could pave the way for The Return .

What was the cost of the person?

The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights , a UK-based monitoring group, said 120 civilians were killed, along with 275 SDF-fighter, 196 Turkish-backed Syrian rebels, 10 Turkish soldiers and five Syrian soldiers.

dozens of civilians and fighters were killed in The First week of the attacks

President Erdogan 775 "terrorists" were "neutralized said," and that 79 Syrian rebels and seven Turkish soldiers were killed. He denied any civilians have been killed In Syria , but said 20, died in YPG attacks on Turkey .

The UN, said at least 176,000 people have been displaced by the fighting, and that critical civilian infrastructure has been damaged.

How has the offensive end?

After four days of fighting, the US began a complete withdrawal from the Northern part of Syria , and the Kurds agreed to a deal with the Syrian President Bashar al-Assad government for the Syrian army to deploy along the Northern Border for the First Time in years, with the Turkish troops. Russia, Assad is a loyal ally, sent the Military Police to key locations.

On 17 October, the US Mr Erdogan for "pause" Turkey 's offensive persuaded to allow it, "the withdrawal of the YPG forces from the Turkish-controlled safe zone". The truce largely held, and on 22. In October, The Head of the SDF, said that the retreat was completed.

the inhabitants of The Town of Tal Tamer welcomed The Arrival of the Syrian army

on the same day, Mr Erdogan and Russian President Vladimir Putin announced a plan to end the offensive. You agreed that:

There are questions that deal with how long the Turkish armed forces can remain, and what happens to the tens of thousands of people detained by the SDF on suspicion of links to IS. But there is No Doubt that it has cemented Russia's role as a Central player In Syria .

kurds, syria, russia, syrian civil war, united states, turkey

Source of news: bbc.com