The Survivors

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to flee

The desperate urge to, London is risking the spread of the Disease across the country

With coronavirus, households rely on The World in lockdown, can the English "Plague village" of Eyam , which quarantined itself for More Than a year, offer us lessons on How To fight back?

Like A Nightmare fairy tale, the inside Story Of Eyam , The Ordeal to surpass something.

When The Plague came in September 1665, to escape, instead of this wild Corner of Derbyshire and The Risk of spread of Infection - Villagers The Way closed, to suffer in Isolation . And suffer they have.

Eyam history known niches times as an example of self-sacrifice

For 14 months, pestilence, merciless, and seemingly random, the devastated village had become during the Victorian.

deaths reached to lose six of the day, with a wife, six children and a man in little More Than a week. The cemetery was closed and the bodies were dragged in the fields for the funeral.

Traditional estimates put the Death Toll to More Than 260 - 75% of the population.

But along with gruesome stories of self-sacrifice, Eyam offers More - a unique opportunity to study how epidemics work.

And researchers have tried, to unlock, to help his secrets, to combat diseases - including coronavirus.

the cemetery was closed, and burials forbidden, The Dead had to be dragged, in areas for burial

Resident Joan Plant, the most famous of which depends on Eyam survivors.

She Said : "Margaret Blackwell was aunt to my nine-times great.

"According to the family legend, while delirious with The Plague they went in search of water to relieve your parched throat.

"By mistake, you drank a jug of bacon. Soon After Her fever broke and she made a full Recovery . "

The Terror of The Plague , this medieval image of death is called victim

strangled All of this raises a lot of questions. How deadly is the Disease ? Why do so many die when the Families were isolated?

Did drink-bacon - or, perhaps, the immediate vomiting, this caused - really, Margaret, save Blackwell?

And perhaps most important, has to save the quarantine others?

be able to answer 21St Century science these questions and help us learn from the gloomy fate of a village of 350 years Ago ?

The Cause of The Plague , a bacterium called Yersinia pestis was not discovered until 1894

It is a Detective Story , controversial ideas, new discoveries and hard lessons For Today .

Sheena Cruickshank, professor in biomedical Sciences at the University of Manchester, said: "Learning about our history with the Disease informs our future.

"We know that the immune system is combined with other factors - the strength and dose of The Pathogen , to determine the health of individuals, the relative Isolation , the severity of the epidemic.

"Some of the factors, the life, the closeness to animals and the impact on animal habitats Still play a role in diseases such as Zika, SARS coronavirus shown, the added originating in animals "

With The Arrival of the Corona-Virus, Isolation and quarantine are part of daily life for many,

you: "While many of the diagnosis-lack of details, Eyam is a snapshot in time, as a community shaped by - and itself shaped - the spread of a Disease .

"And is it possible that The Survivors with effective immunity-elected led to the part of the immune system of The Survivors and handed down to The Following generations.

"As an example, some communities in Africa have a higher incidence of a blood disorder - sickle cell anemia seem to be - Because there was a certain degree of protection against malaria.

"reports have also shown that certain immune signatures were associated with More effective immune responses against influenza and these can be tracked over generations. "

In the year 2000, to study a team to Eyam natural resistance to HIV came from. She was a remarkable theory, is based on the idea of innate resistance against diseases.

to give A human gene mutation, called CCR5-Delta-32, are known, immunity against HIV.

to date, This mutation seemed to be only a few hundred years and existed almost exclusively in Northern European populations and their descendants.

What is the reason? An epidemic like The Plague ?

group leader, Dr Steve O'brien said later: "Could it be that the same mutation can be exposed to protects against HIV is also protected by medieval Europeans to The Plague ?

"The Time is would be enough right, the numbers are correct - hundreds of years of ruthless selection pressure from The Sixth to the 18th centuries, to explain the present high level of CCR5-Δ32 Frequency . "

influenza: Forgotten, but not gone

Plague , feels like a Disease of the distant past, but The Cause , a bacterium called Yersinia pestis, it was not until 1894, and it is never left.

In the late 20th and early 21St Century , 90% of the reported cases of Plague occurred in Africa, particularly East Africa, Central Africa and Madagascar, with small outbreaks occur in North Africa .

From 1958 to 2008, over 17,000 cases had been reported in Madagascar, 13,000 in Congo, 4,800 persons in India, and 438 in the United States . Hundreds have been reported since.

While the Infection is treatable with antibiotics, bacteria are constantly evolving and, in 1996, two drug-resistant strains of Plague were isolated.

And while The Plague was first used as a biological weapon, if diseased corpses are not brought into The City of Caffa in 1345, it hits to the end.

In the second World War , the Japanese formed a bio-weapons unit, which, among other things, the spread of Plague -infected fleas over China.

Both sides of the Cold War , experimented with for weapons used Plague , and while some agreements are now in force, with which its use is, Yersinia pestis is considered a category A Organism , a threat to the National Security of the United States .

Dr. O'brien tested 100 people could trace their Families Back To the 17Th Century . Century.

It showed 14% of the tested had the Delta-32, against a UK average of 10%.

skeptics pointed out, this higher percentage was not statistically significant and The Pattern of the Delta-32 went against the Infection of The Plague , which, if you have nothing to Southern Europe and Asia even More difficult.

Perhaps most important, Delta 32 seems not to be protection against The Plague bacterium, at least in mice.

But the new revelations were just around The Corner .

the chart shows how the death of family hits very fast Blue for men, red for women, The Survivors on The Right

In the year 2016, a study by Dr. Xavier Didelot and Dr. Lilith Carves out analysis of the local records some of what has been understood about Eyam .

Significantly, it found that the isolated population was at least 700, set the mortality rate to a lower, but Still shockingly, 36%.

village of the damned

When The Plague arrived in Eyam in a bundle of cloth from London, no one could have foreseen The Ordeal that lie ahead of us.

The Following 14 months were marked by illness and death, sacrifice and grief. The Village of the story, has gone on to be a part of English history as a symbol of selflessness.

Dr. Carves, Infectious Disease modeller at Imperial College London, said: "your paintings is important Because it gives us fantastic data for the Pest.

"We know about the individual, the households, and especially when people died. In larger populations, such as in the cities, you will only receive the weekly Death Toll , which do not allow, see you in the finer patterns at the individual level.

"With The Information from Eyam , which allows you to track how the Disease is spread is likely to have.

"It was understood, classically, that The Plague spread from rat to man through The Flea .

"We found the person-to-person transmission during this Outbreak , especially within Families assumed a much greater role than in the past. "

to Study how The Plague moved in Eyam , and especially in Families , offers lessons for The Future

Dr. Didelot, said: "The Risk of person-to-person transmission was almost two orders of magnitude larger if it to an infectious person in the household.

"a Total of three-quarters of the cases were caused by person-to-person transmission.

"is The most important lesson here is that prior to the imposition of taxes, measures to prevent the spread of a contagious Disease , it is important to understand how it spreads.

"It is often More Than just a single path of transmission, in the case it is important to focus on the estimation of the relative importance of the various routes. "

in addition to sad detail, The Records also showed that children and people who contributed in poorer - non - households were the hardest hit, a factor that Still relevant today.

history, eyam, self-isolation, coronavirus pandemic

Source of news: bbc.com