Stanley Baldwin

The 2019 General elections will be The First held in December since 1923. What was Britain like then and how has run out of choice?

It was the year the Flying Scotsman was built and the Wembley stadium for The First time to host the FA Cup Final .

George V was on half-way, his 26-year reign as the king and the British Empire , a fifth of The World covered the country, including Canada, India, Australia, New Zealand , and large parts of Africa.

in Germany, it was a time of troubles, to feel the impact of The First World War significantly, which were held five years after the end of The Conflict ,

the UK is £34m paid had included a year in repayments for The War bonds (these goods ), while traditional industries such as steel, coal, and iron failed to compete with cheaper producers from abroad.

"the UK was The First country in The World to have an Industrial Revolution ," says Harry Bennett , associate professor of history at Plymouth University.

"you were still on The First and second generations of technology to develop while later, countries that were more efficient third or fourth Generation.

"in the 1920s, we had intensive to extract coal for the next 100 years, So What was left was now more difficult to get there and more expensive always means deeper mines, and more complex Geology. "

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Then there is The War , Prof Bennett said.

"to repurpose the company had to of war, weapons, they lost skilled workers and the time that other countries, such as America could have to spend for the improvement of their industries. After The War there was an economic boom, which if you think about it, it makes sense. In the shipbuilding industry, for example, that you had to replace to go bust, the tonnage lost during The War , but once the fleet is back up to the strength that the boom rotates. "

bust The Order of The Day in 1923, was approximately 8% were unemployed (compared to about 3. 8% today), while the farmers in Norfolk were striking over low wages and there was a General resentment among the working classes about poor pay.

The disgruntled working classes, the turning of the new Labour Party , prompting fears of a Russian style revolution with the rich, who claimed that they would flee the country if Labour won power (not in contrast ).

was elected The Conservative Government of Andrew Bonar Law, in November 1922 with a 55. 9% - a majority, but less than 200 days later, he resigned, after he was struck with throat cancer and is succeeded by the Chancellor of the exchequer Stanley Baldwin .

Baldwin said The Best way to deal with the problems of customs duties through the introduction of import to the cheaper foreign goods more expensive and stimulate the self-production.

It was a controversial and sharpness, Prof Bennett says, because it could mean an "Open Season " on free trade with tariffs on food, the meeting would be that each person in your pocket.

"As an island nation, Britain could not food sufficient, there were too many people," he says.

"I would say that the potential scale of the changes the people have to be sold in today's terms of the NHS to private medical companies. "

Despite a majority in The House of Commons, Baldwin decided to effectively hold a referendum on the tariff question, which was, After All , a big statement about the future of the country's foreign policy and the position within The World .

"There was leakage as a British EU-we ever came up with the word Brexit," Prof Bennett, and added: "He has told The Public " it's up to you". "

It was also personal for Baldwin, Prof Bennett says, and to remove the indictment from the mouth of his opponents that he is not a choice for Prime Minister , but had rather fallen in to The Role because of the incurable illness of Bonar Law .

The election was duly called, for the 6. December.

It was not a particularly cold winter, more matte and wet and white and crisp and dazzling, although there was occasional snow and to see snow-rain-snow flurries in December, with a mean temperature of 3. 9C.

the houses were decorated fires with festive bunting and with coal-heated, shopping streets are crowded with rattling trams, and Women wore ankle-length skirts and cloche hats.

The representation of the people Act, five years before they had the vote, even though not all Women - Only those who, at the age of 30 or older, the property in the value of at least £5, of which two-thirds of The Nation be omitted, for example, would the Women come (full voting rights in 1928).

the voters had a choice of three main parties.

Baldwin, a Conservative, said that the imposition of duties would address the Problem of unemployment through the formation of a spark in the lives of the country's industries, which, he said, was "exposed to a competition that is essentially unfair and crippling enterprise and initiative".

"No Government is tied in with some sense of responsibility to continue to sit, the hands, watched the unequal struggle of our industries," its Manifesto said.

as well as tariff-changes that are not introduced "in any case", which promised to wheat, meat, oats, flour, cheese, butter or eggs, the Conservative Manifesto also:

The rates were led by the newly resurrected work of Ramsay Macdonald , who said the call for an election, has, how, after a "year of barren effort," the Conservative Government had "confessed his inability to deal with the problem of unemployment".

"the rates are not a means," the Labour Manifesto declared.

"you are an obstacle to The Free exchange of goods and services on which civilised society is based. "

the rates, the work argues that "to promote a spirit of profit, materialism, and selfishness", while also adding to the inequality in the "distribution of wealth in The World ".

work instead of the proposed national work systems "reasonable maintenance" for those not able to work while you are on the search for a job and "full training" for Young People .

The Party also promised regulation of farm wages and the reduction of The Public is the payment of The War debt through the imposition of a tax On War wealth - the vast amounts of money, some by the likes of munitions production.

who was The voters ' final choice is the Liberal Party under the leadership of Herbert Henry Asquith was. The Party had the country in a coalition with the Conservatives, during and after The War , but once that relationship broke split The Party .

It was the tariffs for the issue at The Heart of the 1923 election, both wings of the liberals under Asquith, Prof Bennett said, was actually unified to require with The Party , the Conservative arguments at rates that a "cure" for unemployment were "unproven and unproveable".

"may argues, the High prices and the scarcity Only lower The Standard of living, reducing the purchasing power of the country and thus crop production," the Liberal Manifesto.

The Day of the election itself is mild and dry, with 71% of voters turn to the polls.

The result was disastrous for Baldwin.

Instead of strengthening his absolute majority, he lost it, securing 42% of the seats, while Labour won 31% (previously 23%) and the liberals 26% (previously 10%).

Baldwin was more disappointed than the liberals, who had a fallout of a toxic relationship with the Conservatives after their post-war coalition, refused him and instead sided with the opposition, so that MacDonald found the country's first Labour Government .

Just 11 months later, Baldwin and the Conservatives were in power, This Time with a in the vicinity of 67% - a majority, according to a third General election in years, triggered by a colossal fall, which resulted between Labour and the liberals in the result of a vote of no confidence in MacDonald to be passed by The Commons .

But MacDonald could still be said to be satisfied with its short term of office, Prof Bennett.

"He has shown that Labour could be in Government to be responsible and competent. You don't have to hang out in the rich aristocrats from lamp posts, or the seizure of money, the worst fears and hysteria in the run-up had not proved to be true. "

The December 1923 election came in the midst of a period of furious dispute between divided Political Parties , bitter disagreement over Britain's place in the global market and Christmas preparations.

"There are very strong echoes with what is happening today," Prof Bennett said.

Source of news: bbc.com