Black Sea
Use attributes for filter ! | |
Area | 436402 |
---|---|
Max. depth | 2,212 m (7,257 ft) |
Coordinates | 44°N 35°E / 44°N 35°E Coordinates: 44°N 35°E / 44°N 35°E |
Max. length | 1,175 km (730 mi) |
Islands | Snake Island |
St. Anastasia Island | |
St. Ivan Island | |
Did you know | The Black Sea region is thought to have been the original homeland of "Proto-Indo-European", the progenitor of the Indo-European language family, by some scholars. |
Title link | Play trailer on YouTube |
Reviews | www.imdb.com |
Theatrical country of origin release date | United Kingdom |
Directors | Kevin Macdonald |
Box offic | $1.6 million |
Product compani | Film4 Productions |
Music by | Ilan Eshkeri |
Cast | Jude Law |
Date of Reg. | |
Date of Upd. | |
ID | 931497 |
About Black Sea
When veteran salvager Robinson loses his job, he assembles a team of English and Russian men and goes on a rogue mission to find a Nazi U-boat filled with gold that was sunk in the Black Sea.
Ukraine war: Zelensky says fortifying front lines must be accelerated
... Russia s defence ministry has meanwhile said its navy repelled a Ukrainian naval attack on occupied Crimea via the Black Sea...
Snowstorm causes massive power cuts across Ukraine
... In Russia s Black Sea city of Sochi, footage has emerged purportedly showing a three-storey building collapsing...
Russia strikes civilian ship in Black Sea port of Odesa - Ukraine
...At least one person has been killed after a Russian missile struck a civilian ship entering the Ukrainian Black Sea port of Odesa, Ukraine s military says...
Ukraine war: Russia hits most settlements in one day, says Kyiv
... He reserved particular praise for the military s success in reducing Russia s control over the Black Sea: " The more protection we have along our coastline and in our sea, the more protection there is in the world...
Abkhazia: Russia to build naval base in Georgian separatist region, says local leader
... Aslan Bzhania told the Izvestia tabloid his Moscow-backed region would soon host a " permanent point of deployment" for Russia on the Black Sea coast...
Migrant crisis: Sunak to urge 'Europe-wide solutions' at summit in Granada
... The aim, the Foreign Office says, is to deter the export of Ukrainian grain by targeting civilian shipping travelling through the Black Sea...
Viktor Sokolov: Russian video 'shows Black Sea fleet commander alive'
...By Robert GreenallBBC NewsRussia s Defence Ministry has released a video showing the Black Sea Fleet s commander at a conference, despite Ukraine claiming to have killed him...
Ukraine claims Sevastopol strike hit navy commanders
...By Robert PlummerBBC NewsUkraine says Friday s missile strike on the headquarters of Russia s Black Sea fleet in Crimea was timed to coincide with a meeting of naval officials...
Brazil dam disaster: How do you clear tonnes of toxic sludge?
Dozens of people died and hundreds are Still Missing after a dam collapsed at an Iron Ore mine in Brazil.
The rupture released a sea of contaminated muddy sludge sliding towards The Town of Brumadinho, eventually covering an area the size of 300 football pitches.
The Mud buried The Dam site's cafeteria, where workers were eating lunch, before engulfing nearby houses, vehicles and roads.
As hopes of finding anyone alive dwindle, thoughts are now turning to How To deal with the 12 million cubic metres of Mud that was released.
Built in 1976, The Dam was used to hold residue from The Mine , which it is feared may contain harmful chemical substances.
So, how will it be cleared up and how could the operation be guided by lessons from past disasters?
Before and after photos show the vast scale of the destruction caused by the sliding Mud .
Interactive Dam collapse in Brazil 25 January 2019 Earlier this monthVale, the mining company responsible for The Dam , has announced plans to deal with the debris.
These include building barriers to contain the Mud in the area around The Dam , dredging a section of the nearby river and constructing barriers to sift out the fine residue.
This case is especially sensitive because of The Number of bodies thought to be buried by the mudslide.
"It isn't just Mud there, it's people's families. Everything will depend on how rescue efforts go. And it will take a long time," says Anderson Amparo, from Brazil's Environmental Protection Agency (Ibama), which, along with other agencies, is responsible for determining what to do with the waste.
And he says even if The Authorities were certain that there were no more bodies in the Mud , it would not necessarily be cleared in its entirety.
"In some areas it is best to plant over The Land to restore it to its original use, whether it be agriculture or forest," Mr Amparo says.
Experts are concerned the collapsed dam released harmful substancesMiguel Felippe, a professor of geoscience at the Federal University of Juiz de Fora, disagrees. Although it is not yet clear if the Mud in Brumadinho is toxic, he says some environmental damage is to be expected.
"This debris is very likely to contain harmful chemical substances," he says.
"Even if there are no traces of heavy metals, which are The Most worrisome, like arsenic, there are others which are sure to be there and will float downstream, as the Mud has already reached a river, so, environmentally speaking, it would be best to remove The Material . "
Vale says an analysis is under way and the results are expected within the next Two Weeks but it is too soon to say for sure that the Mud is toxic.
The Mine waste, known as tailings, may contain traces of nickel, magnesium, cadmium, iron oxide, ammonia, silica, silt, clay, mercury and arsenic, says Bráulio Magalhães Fonseca , a geologist at the Federal University of Minas Gerais.
And experts say The Level of toxicity will depend on the concentration of each substance.
Roger Doome, director general of the Industrial Minerals Association Europe, in Brussels, says that implementing an appropriate clean-up response depends on assessing the specific type of contamination.
If that can't be removed, it needs to be neutralised, he says.
"And if The Elements are flowing down The River , it is almost impossible [to avoid contamination]. "
Different cleaning techniques will need to be applied to different types of Mud .
Hundreds of people are Still MissingProf Felippe says The Top layer of Mud could be removed through dredging or using excavators.
"As you Get Closer to The Soil , more sophisticated technology is required because Heavy Machinery may damage The Soil , exposing it to erosive processes," he says.
Brazil went through a similar tragedy in 2015, in what was considered to be the country's worst Environmental Disaster .
A dam burst in the nearby town of Mariana, also owned by Vale, in partnership with BHP Billiton, releasing 43. 7 million cubic meters of mining waste and killing 19 people.
Most of that waste - about 90%, according to the Environment Agency - was never removed.
That disaster led to a public campaign to introduce tough legislation on the mining industry.
But campaigners were disappointed by the regulations eventually passed, saying they failed to address their demands for stricter safety measures.
They had also called for a ban on the type of dam involved in the Brumadinho disaster.
Lessons from Europe?Mr Doome recalls two accidents he says set a precedent for how the mining industry in Europe responds to accidents where dangerous substances are involved.
In April 1998, a dam burst in Aznalcóllar, Spain , releasing almost seven million cubic meters of mine tailings.
The acidic Mud and water were tainted with heavy metals and travelled for over 40km (25 miles) down the Guadiamar river, contaminating 4,500 hectares (17 sq miles) of land on the Doñana National Park , a Unesco world heritage site.
The clean-up operation took over three years and cost 240m euros (£210m), according to Spanish newspaper El Pais.
In 2000, tragedy hit the Romanian town of. A dam partially collapsed, releasing about 100,000 cubic metres of water contaminated with cyanide. The water ran down streams towards the, reaching the Danube and The Black Sea.
"Since those tragedies, we have adapted European legislation so that now we have a strict action plan and legal requirements," Mr Doome says.
"For instance, if we assess that there is a minor risk [of spilling], by law we have the obligation to provide an emergency plan, internal and external.
"The Plan must be ready and in place even before The Mine starts operating. "
The Brumadinho dam had passed safety inspections. Five people involved in the inspections have been arrested as part of an investigation to find out whether The Process was fraudulent.
mining, reality check, brazil dam collapse
Source of news: bbc.com