Australia

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Sydney inhabitants have to endure, The Smoke on your morning commute

causes If tennis players Dalila Jakupovic could not complete your qualifying match for the Australian Open , begins on Monday, you made the "unhealthy" air quality, fire, smoke. The Bush fires have been burning in Australia for weeks, causing air pollution, which is harmful for the health.

Ms Jakupovic criticized the organizers that The Match continue in these conditions, as you and some other tennis players experienced effects, including cough and shortness of breath, nausea, and muscle cramps.

How harmful wildfire smoke is?

breathing in smoke can cause irritation of The Eyes , nose, throat and lungs. In severe cases, it can to the hospital, especially for people with already existing respiratory diseases.

such As trees, leaves and other ground vegetation burn, publish Small particles of solid carbon, water vapour and gases, including carbon monoxide.

ultra-fine particles of less than 2. 5 microns - known as PM2. 5 - the largest threat to the health, because they bury the can deep get into the lungs and even into the bloodstream. This is the risk of irritation, infections and an increased likelihood for heart attack and lung disease risk.

Professor Francesca Dominici , a statistician who works on Public Health , a recent study on the effects of exposure to fine dust. She found it was with hospital admissions for a wider range of conditions than previously believed.

as well as the well-known effects on the lung and the heart, your team identified "new diseases, including septicemia, a severe blood poisoning. Infections of the urinary tract and kidney failure," she said to Abc News .

Bushfire pollution in General, not do as much permanent damage such as transport or industry, environmental pollution, according to Associate Prof Brian Oliver, an expert in respiratory diseases of the University of Technology, Sydney , because the conditions often lift with a change in weather.

This means that breathing is a medical condition usually of short duration.

But because Many of The Fire has been burning for weeks, and the authorities warn that there is no immediate end in sight, experts say, this should be treated immediately, such as medium-term exposure.

Who is it?

Bush fires burning all over the country, often sending smoke over populated areas.

the residents of Sydney - Australia 's largest city, have suffered, from Smoking for weeks. The City has exceeded the air quality "hazardous" levels on several occasions.

The admissions led to a 10% increase in the hospital, officials say. Paramedics hundreds of people for breathing problems treated.

Adelaide - a city of 1. 3 - million - was also affected last month, with residents told to stay indoors.

As PM2. 5 particles in the wildfire smoke is so Small - one-ninth of the size of a grain of Sand - you great distances on The Wind , which will potentially impact on Many people. can travel The Smoke is expected to "at least one complete circuit around the globe", the US Space Agency Nasa.

the Most vulnerable are children, the elderly and smokers, while those who see with asthma, heart and lung problems, exacerbated Symptoms such as tightness in the chest and difficulty breathing.

And, because of the competition experienced in the Australia Open tennis tournament, the athletes are More susceptible to damage by smoke, because they are breathing in greater amounts of air as you exercise.

the More intense The exercise, to the More taken extra-to-air.

Standard face masks are ineffective when It Comes to block, and the fine particles, which, according to health authorities. They warned people to avoid exercising outdoors This Week - a note that Many have ignored.

Many have been More to outdoor exercise, in spite of the risks, How bad Australia has air quality?

Australia is clear-air standard is a PM2. Level 5 of the eight micro-grams per cubic meter. In comparison, to be produced by Smoking a single cigarette 20 micrograms per cubic meter.

the Last readings in Sydney was as high as 734 micrograms - the equivalent of about 37 cigarettes.

What is a "thunderstorm asthma'?

Smoking is a obvious risk to the health, the travel can front to large distances from The Fire . But The Weather is fanning The Flames has created other issues, such as dust storms.

In Victoria, officials granted the "extreme" warning in November for a phenomenon, known as "thunderstorm asthma".

This is where strong winds generate More pollen in the air, which can lead to an outbreak of asthma attacks. In the year 2016, which is just a outbreak.

Bush fires, their own weather systems, which may aggravate this effect, so Rachel Badlan, a researcher at the University of New South Wales .

If it covers a large enough area, the upward movement of Hot Air from a fire, the following can interact with the Atmosphere and a pyrocumulonimbus - form a cloud of smoke, ash, and water vapour comes in addition to the massive thunderstorm.

the pollutants from these storms are far into the stratosphere - More Than 10km in the Atmosphere of the earth - according to Nasa.

the reporting by the BBC's Frances Mao. Additional reporting by Rachel Schraer.

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Source of news: bbc.com